Neurointerventional therapy is a minimally invasive technique that utilizes imaging technology to treat cerebrovascular diseases by inserting instruments such as microcatheters and guidewires into blood vessels. It is primarily applicable to neurological diseases such as cerebral aneurysms, cerebral vascular stenosis, and acute ischemic stroke. In recent years, innovative materials have played a crucial role in improving the flexibility, durability, and biocompatibility of catheters and stents, bringing significant progress to neurointerventional therapy.

Polymer Materials Enhance Catheter Flexibility and Navigation Performance

Neurointerventional therapy requires catheters to possess excellent flexibility and maneuverability in complex cerebral blood vessels. Novel polymers such as polyimide (PI) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) are widely used in catheter manufacturing due to their high flexibility and durability. These materials not only withstand repeated bending but also reduce vascular damage during catheter manipulation. Furthermore, multi-layered catheter designs, combining a flexible inner layer with a reinforced outer layer, enable the catheter to maintain stability in complex vascular pathways, improving surgical precision and safety.

****Shape Memory Properties of Nickel-Titanium Alloy Stents**

Nitinol alloys are widely used in cerebral vascular stents due to their superelasticity and shape memory properties. This material automatically deploys at body temperature, precisely supporting narrowed blood vessels without damaging the vessel wall. Furthermore, its corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance enhance the long-term durability of the stent, reducing the risk of restenosis, making it an ideal stent material for cerebrovascular diseases.

****Precise Control and Biocompatibility of Liquid Embolizing Agents**

Emboembolization is a common method for treating cerebral aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations. Liquid embolizing agents, such as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVOH) and hydrogel microspheres, effectively prevent rupture when sealing lesion vessels due to their excellent biocompatibility and expansion capacity.

Novel biodegradable polymer embolization materials (such as PLA) can gradually degrade and be absorbed after short-term occlusion, avoiding the risk of long-term complications. **Surface Coating Improves the Smoothness and Safety of Thrombus Removal Devices** Thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke requires the restoration of blood flow within a short time. Hydrophilic coated microwires and microcatheters reduce potential intraoperative damage to blood vessels by decreasing friction between instruments and the vessel wall. Furthermore, antithrombotic coatings reduce the risk of new thrombus formation during the procedure, improving treatment success rates and postoperative patient recovery. **The Potential of Biodegradable Stent Materials** Biodegradable stent materials are becoming a research focus in neurointerventional therapy. Biodegradable materials, such as polylactic acid (PLA), are gradually absorbed after supporting damaged blood vessels, avoiding the long-term complications associated with traditional metal stents and improving the prognosis of patients with cerebrovascular diseases. Innovative materials have propelled neurointerventional therapy towards more minimally invasive and efficient approaches, enabling the optimization of catheters, stents, and embolizing agents. In the future, with the clinical application of more new materials and technological breakthroughs, neurointerventional therapy will provide safer and more effective treatment options for more patients with neurological diseases.