Oncology interventional therapy is a medical treatment that uses imaging-guided techniques to treat tumors through minimally invasive procedures. With advances in medical technology, oncology interventional therapy has become increasingly important in cancer care, establishing itself as one of the major treatment modalities following surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Compared with traditional treatments, interventional oncology offers advantages such as minimal trauma, fast recovery, and fewer complications, making it especially suitable for patients who cannot undergo conventional surgery. Below, we provide a detailed overview of the application areas, technological development, and future trends of oncology interventional therapy.

Basic Principles of Oncology Interventional Therapy
Oncology interventional therapy typically uses imaging techniques (including CT, ultrasound, and MRI) to precisely locate tumors and deliver therapeutic devices into the body via minimally invasive approaches. Common treatment methods include:

• Percutaneous tumor ablation: Thermal energy generated by high-frequency current destroys tumor tissue, widely used in the treatment of liver cancer, kidney cancer, and others.
• Transcatheter chemoembolization: Chemotherapeutic drugs and embolic agents are directly infused into tumor blood vessels to block blood supply and increase local drug concentration, a standard treatment for liver cancer, lung cancer, and other tumors.
• Percutaneous cryotherapy: Tumor cells are frozen and destroyed at low temperatures, used for some small tumors or unresectable tumors.
• Percutaneous image-guided pain management: Applied for pain relief, especially in patients with advanced tumors.

These minimally invasive procedures generally shorten hospital stays, reduce pain, speed up recovery, and improve patients’ quality of life.

Clinical Applications of Oncology Interventional Therapy
Oncology interventional therapy covers a wide range of clinical applications, mainly including:

• Liver cancer: One of the most common applications. TACE, RFA, and other techniques have become standard treatments. For patients with unresectable liver cancer, interventional therapy controls tumor growth and effectively prolongs survival.
• Lung cancer: Transcatheter pulmonary artery embolization, radiofrequency ablation, and other methods are widely used, especially for unresectable or early‑stage small tumors.
• Kidney cancer: Radiofrequency ablation and cryotherapy are effective options for small renal tumors, preserving renal function while controlling tumor growth.
• Bone metastatic cancer: Often causes severe pain and fractures. Interventional therapy such as ablation and embolization effectively relieves symptoms and improves quality of life.

Technological Progress and Innovations
In recent years, with improvements in imaging, oncology interventional therapy has become more precise and personalized. Key developments include:

• Real‑time imaging guidance: Real‑time MRI and CT‑guided precise positioning improve accuracy and safety, reducing damage to surrounding healthy tissue.
• Innovations in minimally invasive devices: New catheters and instruments with smaller profiles and multi‑functions have made treatment more efficient and convenient.
• Combination therapy: Interventional therapy combined with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and other modalities forms a multidisciplinary treatment model that enhances therapeutic efficacy.
• Robotic interventional technology: Robot‑assisted procedures are increasingly used, especially for complex lesions, where high‑precision positioning and manipulation improve success rates.

As an emerging minimally invasive treatment, oncology interventional therapy is reshaping the landscape of cancer care. With continuous technological innovation and multidisciplinary collaboration, it will play an increasingly vital role in future cancer treatment. Through precise and personalized regimens, oncology interventional therapy is expected to bring higher survival rates and better quality of life to patients.